The President of India is the head of state and first citizen of India. The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces. Although the president is vested such powers by the Constitution of India, the position is largely a ceremonial role and the executive powers are de facto exercised by the Cabinet Ministers and Prime Minister. The post of President is known in Hindi as Rashtrapati, a Sanskrit neologism meaning "lord of the realm". The President is elected by the Electoral College composed of elected members of the parliament houses, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, and also members of the Vidhan Sabha, the state legislative assemblies.
| Presidents of India till Now | |||
| No | Name | Term of office | |
| 1 | Dr. Rajendra Prasad | January 26, 1950 - May 13, 1962 | |
| 2 | Dr. S. Radhakrishna | May 13, 1962 - May 13, 1967 | |
| 3 | Dr. Zakir Hussain | May 13, 1967 - August 24, 1969 | |
| 4 | Shri Varahagiri Venkata Giri | August 24, 1969 - August 24, 1974 | |
| 5 | Shri Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed | August 24, 1974 - February 11, 1977 | |
| 6 | Shri Neelam Sanjiva Reddy | July 25, 1977 - July 25, 1982 | |
| 7 | Shri Giani Zail Singh | July 25, 1982 - July 25, 1987 | |
| 8 | Shri R. Venkataraman | July 25, 1987 - July 25, 1992 | |
| 9 | Dr.S.D. Sharma | July 25, 1992 2July 25, 1997 | |
| 10 | Shri K R Narayanan | July 25, 1997 - 25 July 2002 | |
| 11 | Dr. A.P.J.Abdul Kalam | 25 July 2002 - 25 July 2007 | |
| 12 | Pratibha Patil | 25 July 2007 - 25 July 2012 | |
| 13 | Pranab Mukherjee | 25 July 2012 Incumbent |
There have been 13 presidents of India since the introduction of the post in 1950. The post was
established when India was declared as a republic with the adoption of the Indian constitution. Apart from these thirteen, three acting presidents have also been in office for short periods of time. Varahagiri Venkata Giri became Acting President of India in 1969 following the death of Zakir Hussain, who died in office. Giri was elected President a few months later. He remains the only person to have held office both as a president and acting president. The President may remain in office for a tenure of five years, as stated by article 56, part V, of the constitution of India. In the case where a president's term of office is terminated early or during the absence of the president, the vice president assumes office. By article 70 of part V, the parliament may decide how to discharge the functions of the president where this is not possible, or in any other unexpected contingency. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India, is the only person to have held office for two terms.
Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later becamepresident. Two presidents, Zakir Hussain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office.Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president waselected. Following Hussain's death, two acting presidents held office until thenew president, Varahagiri Venkata Giri, was elected.Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Hussain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, hewas superseded by Muhammad Hidayatullah as acting president.
The current President is Pranab Mukherjee elected on 25 July 2012.Mukherjee held various posts in the cabinet ministry for the Government of India such as Finance Minister, Foreign Minister, Defence Minister and Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission. He originally comes from West Bengal and is also the first Bengali to hold the post of the President. The ex- president, Pratibha Patil, who was in office till 25 July 2012, was elected as the 12thPresident of India in 2007. She is also the first woman to serve as President of India
established when India was declared as a republic with the adoption of the Indian constitution. Apart from these thirteen, three acting presidents have also been in office for short periods of time. Varahagiri Venkata Giri became Acting President of India in 1969 following the death of Zakir Hussain, who died in office. Giri was elected President a few months later. He remains the only person to have held office both as a president and acting president. The President may remain in office for a tenure of five years, as stated by article 56, part V, of the constitution of India. In the case where a president's term of office is terminated early or during the absence of the president, the vice president assumes office. By article 70 of part V, the parliament may decide how to discharge the functions of the president where this is not possible, or in any other unexpected contingency. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India, is the only person to have held office for two terms. Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later becamepresident. Two presidents, Zakir Hussain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office.Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president waselected. Following Hussain's death, two acting presidents held office until thenew president, Varahagiri Venkata Giri, was elected.Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Hussain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, hewas superseded by Muhammad Hidayatullah as acting president.The current President is Pranab Mukherjee elected on 25 July 2012.Mukherjee held various posts in the cabinet ministry for the Government of India such as Finance Minister, Foreign Minister, Defence Minister and Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission. He originally comes from West Bengal and is also the first Bengali to hold the post of the President. The ex- president, Pratibha Patil, who was in office till 25 July 2012, was elected as the 12thPresident of India in 2007. She is also the first woman to serve as President of India
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